Panadol Advance 500 mg Tablets (P)

Panadol Advance 500 mg Tablets are a mild analgesic and antipyretic, and are recommended for the treatment of most painful and febrile conditions, for example, headache including migraine and tension headaches, toothache, backache, rheumatic and muscle pains, dysmenorrhoea, sore throat, and for relieving the fever, aches and pains of colds and flu. Also recommended for the symptomatic relief of pain due to non-serious arthritis.

Adults, the elderly, and children aged 16 years and over:

One or two tablets up to four times daily as required.

Children:

10-15 years: One tablet up to four times daily as required.

Children should not be given Panadol Advance 500 mg Tablets for more than 3 days without consulting a doctor.

Not suitable for children under 10 years of age

These doses should not be repeated more frequently than every four hours nor should more than four doses be given in any 24 hour period.

Oral administration only.

Hypersensitivity to paracetamol or any of the other constituents.

Contains paracetamol. Do not use with any other paracetamol-containing products.

Underlying liver disease increases the risk of paracetamol related liver damage. Patients who have been diagnosed with liver or kidney impairment must seek medical advice before taking this medication.

Do not exceed the stated dose.

Patients should be advised to consult their doctor if their headaches become persistent.

Patients should be advised to consult a doctor if they suffer from non-serious arthritis and need to take painkillers every day.

Caution should be exercised in patients with glutathione depleted states, as the use of paracetamol may increase the risk of metabolic acidosis (refer also to section 4.9).

Use with caution in patients with glutathione depletion due to metabolic deficiencies.

If symptoms persist consult your doctor.

Keep out of the sight and reach of children.

Pack Label:

Talk to a doctor at once if you take too much of this medicine even if you feel well.

Do not take anything else containing paracetamol while taking this medicine.

Patient Information Leaflet:

Talk to a doctor at once if you take too much of this medicine even if you feel well. This is because too much paracetamol can cause delayed, serious liver damage.

The speed of absorption of paracetamol may be increased by metoclopramide or domperidone and absorption reduced by colestyramine. The anticoagulant effect of warfarin and other coumarins may be enhanced by prolonged regular daily use of paracetamol with increased risk of bleeding; occasional doses have no significant effect.

Epidemiological studies on neurodevelopment in children exposed to paracetamol in utero show inconclusive results. If clinically needed, paracetamol can be used during pregnancy if clinically needed, however, as with any medicine it should be used at the lowest effective dose for the shortest possible time.

Paracetamol is excreted in breast milk but not in a clinically significant amount in recommended dosages. Available published data do not contraindicate breastfeeding.

None.

Adverse events of paracetamol from historical clinical trial data are both infrequent and from small patient exposure. Accordingly, events reported from extensive post-marketing experience at therapeutic/labelled dose and considered attributable are tabulated below by system class and frequency.

The following convention has been utilised for the classification of the undesirable effects: very common (≥ 1/10), common (≥ 1/100 to <1/10), uncommon (≥ 1/1000 to <1/100), rare (≥ 1/10,000 to <1/1000) and very rare (<1/10,000), not known (cannot be estimated from available data).

Adverse event frequencies have been estimated from spontaneous reports received through post-marketing data.

Post marketing data

* There have been cases of bronchospasm with paracetamol, but these are more likely in asthmatics sensitive to aspirin or other NSAIDs.

Reporting of suspected adverse reactions

Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the Yellow Card Scheme at www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App store.

Paracetamol overdose may cause liver failure which may require liver transplant or lead to death.

Liver damage is possible in adults who have taken 10g or more of paracetamol. Ingestion of 5g or more of paracetamol may lead to liver damage if the patient has risk factors (see below).

Risk factors If the patient a, Is on long term treatment with carbamazepine, phenobarbitone, phenytoin, primidone, rifampicin, St John's Wort or other drugs that induce liver enzymes. Or

b, Regularly consumes ethanol in excess of recommended amounts.

Or

c, Is likely to be glutathione deplete e.g. eating disorders, cystic fibrosis, HIV infection, starvation, cachexia.

Symptoms

Symptoms of paracetamol overdosage in the first 24 hours are pallor, nausea, vomiting, anorexia and abdominal pain. Liver damage may become apparent 12 to 48 hours after ingestion. Abnormalities of glucose metabolism and metabolic acidosis may occur. In severe poisoning, hepatic failure may progress to encephalopathy, haemorrhage, hypoglycaemia, cerebral oedema, and death. Acute renal failure with acute tubular necrosis, strongly suggested by loin pain, haematuria and proteinuria, may develop even in the absence of severe liver damage. Cardiac arrhythmias and pancreatitis have been reported.

Management

Immediate treatment is essential in the management of paracetamol overdose. Despite a lack of significant early symptoms, patients should be referred to hospital urgently for immediate medical attention. Symptoms may be limited to nausea or vomiting and may not reflect the severity of overdose or the risk of organ damage. Management should be in accordance with established treatment guidelines, see BNF overdose section.

Treatment with activated charcoal should be considered if the overdose has been taken within 1 hour. Plasma paracetamol concentration should be measured at 4 hours or later after ingestion (earlier concentrations are unreliable). Treatment with N-acetylcysteine may be used up to 24 hours after ingestion of paracetamol, however, the maximum protective effect is obtained up to 8 hours post-ingestion. The effectiveness of the antidote declines sharply after this time. If required the patient should be given intravenous Nacetylcysteine, in line with the established dosage schedule. If vomiting is not a problem, oral methionine may be a suitable alternative for remote areas, outside hospital. Management of patients who present with serious hepatic dysfunction beyond 24h from ingestion should be discussed with the NPIS or a liver unit.

Paracetamol is an antipyretic analgesic. The mechanism of action is probably similar to that of aspirin and dependant on the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. This inhibition appears, however to be on a selective basis.

Clinical Efficacy

In two dental pain studies, pain relief was observed at a median time of 15 minutes following administration of the 1000 mg dose of Panadol tablets (new formula).

Panadol tablets (new formula) demonstrated superior pain relief at 1000 mg dose compared to placebo and to Panadol tablets (new formula) at 500 mg dose. Panadol tablets (new formula) at the 500 mg dose also demonstrated superior efficacy compared to placebo.

Paracetamol is rapidly and almost completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The concentration in plasma reaches a peak in 30 to 60 minutes and the plasma half-life is 1 - 4 hours after therapeutic doses.

Paracetamol is relatively uniformly distributed throughout most body fluids. Binding of the drug to plasma proteins is variable; 20 to 30% may be bound at the concentrations encountered during acute intoxication. Following therapeutic doses 90 - 100% of the drug may be recovered in the urine within the first day. However, practically no paracetamol is excreted unchanged and the bulk is excreted after hepatic conjugation.

Panadol Advance 500 mg Tablets contain a disintegrant system which accelerates tablet dissolution compared to standard paracetamol tablets.

Human scintigraphy data demonstrate that Panadol Advance 500 mg Tablets generally start to disintegrate by 5 minutes post dose in the stomach. There is also less between-subject and less within- subject variability (p<0.0001) in early absorption of paracetamol from Panadol Advance 500 mg Tablets compared to standard paracetamol tablets.

Human pharmacokinetic data demonstrate that the time taken to reach plasma paracetamol therapeutic threshold (4-7mcg/ml) is at least 37% faster with Panadol Advance 500 mg Tablets compared to standard paracetamol tablets (P<0.05).

Total extent of absorption of paracetamol from Panadol Advance 500 mg Tablets is equivalent to that from standard paracetamol tablets.

Conventional studies using the currently accepted standards for the evaluation of toxicity to reproduction and development are not available.

Tablet core:

Pregelatinised starch

Calcium carbonate

Alginic acid

Crospovidone

Povidone (K-25)

Magnesium stearate

Colloidal anhydrous silica

Film coat and polish:

Opadry white (YS-1-7003)

Carnauba wax

Purified water

Not applicable.

36 months.

Store below 30° C.

Panadol Advance are packed in:

• Opaque PVC 250 μ m / aluminium foil 30 μ m blister packs in an outer cardboard carton.

• Child resistant PVC / aluminium foil / polyethylene terephthalate blister packs in an outer cardboard carton.

• Clear thermoformed polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film of 250 μ m and CRSF (child resistant senior friendly) polyethylene terephthalate (PET) lid of 30 μ m blister packs in an outer cardboard carton.

These are available in packs of 24, 30 or 32 tablets.

Not applicable.