Hydrocortisone has topical anti-inflammatory activities of value in the treatment of a wide variety of dermatological conditions, including the following: eczema, including atopic, infantile, discoid and stasis eczemas; prurigo nodularis, neurodermatoses, seborrhoeic dermatitis, intertrigo and contact sensitivity reactions.

Hydrocortisone preparations can also be used in the management of insect bites and otitis externa.

Hydrocortisone 0.5% preparations can be used as continuation therapy in mild cases of seborrhoeic or atopic eczema once the acute inflammatory phase has passed.

Posology

Adults, children and elderly

A small quantity should be applied to the affected area two or three times daily.

Hydrocortisone cream is often appropriate for moist or weeping surfaces, and Hydrocortisone ointment for dry-lichenified or scaly lesions, but this is not invariably so.

Method of administration

For topical administration.

Hypersensitivity to the active substance(s) or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1.

Skin lesions caused by infection with viruses (e.g. herpes simplex, chicken pox), fungi (e.g. candidiasis, tinea) or bacteria (e.g. impetigo).

Long term continuous or inappropriate use of topical steroids can result in the development of rebound flares after stopping treatment (topical steroid withdrawal syndrome). A severe form of rebound flare can develop which takes the form of a dermatitis with intense redness, stinging and burning that can spread beyond the initial treatment area. It is more likely to occur when delicate skin sites such as the face and flexures are treated. Should there be a reoccurrence of the condition within days to weeks after successful treatment a withdrawal reaction should be suspected. Reapplication should be with caution and specialist advise is recommended in these cases or other treatment options should be considered.

Paediatric population

In infants and children, long-term continuous topical therapy should be avoided where possible, as adrenal suppression can occur even without occlusion. In infants, the napkin may act as an occlusive dressing, and increase absorption. Treatment should therefore be limited, if possible, to a maximum of 7 days.

Appropriate antimicrobial therapy should be used whenever treating inflammatory lesions which have become infected. Any spread of infection requires withdrawal of topical corticosteroid therapy, and systemic administration of antimicrobial agents.

As with all corticosteroids, prolonged application to the face is undesirable.

Fire hazard in contact with dressings, clothing and bedding

Instruct patients not to smoke or go near naked flames - risk of severe burns. Fabric (clothing, bedding, dressings etc) that has been in contact with this product burns more easily and is a serious fire hazard. Washing clothing and bedding may reduce product build-up but not totally remove it.

Excipients

This medicine contains chlorocresol and cetostearyl alcohol.

Chlorocresol may cause allergic reactions.

Cetostearyl alcohol may cause local skin reactions (e.g. dermatitis).

No interaction studies have been performed.

Pregnancy

There is inadequate evidence of safety in human pregnancy. Topical application of corticosteroids to pregnant animals can cause abnormalities of fetal development including cleft palate and intrauterine growth retardation. There may therefore be a very small risk of such effects in the human fetus.

Hydrocortisone skin preparations have no or negligible influence on the ability to drive and use machines.

Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders

Not known (cannot be estimated from available data): Withdrawal reactions - redness of the skin which may extend to areas beyond the initial affected area, burning or stinging sensation, itch, skin peeling, oozing pustules. (see section 4.4)

Hydrocortisone preparations are usually well tolerated but if signs of hypersensitivity appear, application should be stopped immediately.

Local atrophic changes may occur where skin folds are involved, or in areas such as the nappy area in small children, where constant moist conditions favour the absorption of hydrocortisone. Sufficient systemic absorption may also occur in such sites to produce the features of hypercorticism and suppression of the HPA axis after prolonged treatment.The effect is more likely to occur in infants and children, and if occlusive dressings are used.

There are reports of pigmentation changes and hypertrichosis with topical steroids.

Exacerbation of symptoms may occur.

Reporting of suspected adverse reactions

Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. It allows continued monitoring of the benefit/risk balance of the medicinal product. Healthcare professionals are asked to report any suspected adverse reactions via the Yellow Card Scheme Website: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard or search for MHRA Yellow Card in the Google Play or Apple App Store.

Acute overdosage is very unlikely to occur, however, in the case of chronic overdosage or misuse the features of hypercorticism may appear and in this situation topical steroids should be discontinued.

Pharmacotherapeutic group: Corticosteroids, weak (group I). ATC code: D07AA02.

Hydrocortisone is the main glucocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex. It is used topically for its anti-inflammatory effects which suppress the clinical manifestations of the disease in a wide range of disorders where inflammation is a prominent feature.

Absorption

Hydrocortisone is absorbed through the skin particularly in denuded areas.

Biotransformation

Hydrocortisone is metabolised in the liver and most body tissues to hydrogenated and degraded forms such as tetrahydrocortisone and tetrahydrocortisol.

Elimination

Metabolites are excreted in the urine, mainly conjugated as glucuronides, together with a very small proportion of unchanged hydrocortisone.

There are no preclinical data of relevance to the prescriber which are additional to that in other sections of the SmPC.

Chlorocresol

Cetomacrogol 1000

Cetostearyl alcohol

White soft paraffin

Liquid paraffin

Sodium acid phosphate

Phosphoric acid

Sodium hydroxide

Purified water

Not applicable.

2 years.

Store below 25° C.

Collapsible aluminium tubes internally coated with an epoxy resin based lacquer and closed with a wadless polypropylene cap.

Pack sizes: 15 and 30 g.

Not all pack sizes may be marketed.

No special requirements.