This medicine is used to treat ADHD

• The full name for ADHD is ‘Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder’.
• The medicine helps with your brain activity. It can help improve your attention, help you concentrate, and make you less impulsive.
• You need to have other treatments for ADHD as well as this medicine.

Read Section 1 for more information.

• You have heart, circulation, or mental health problems - you may not be able to take this medicine.
• You are taking any other medicines - this is because methylphenidate can affect how other medicines work.

Read Section 2 for more information.

• See your doctor regularly. This is because your doctor will want to check how the medicine is working.
• Do not stop taking the medicine without first talking to your doctor.
• Your doctor may stop your medicine to see if it is still needed, if you take it for more than a year.
• The most common side effects are feeling nervous, not being able to sleep or having a headache.

Read Sections 3 and 4 for more information.

• Your mood and how you feel changes.
• You feel any problems with your heart.

Read Section 4 for more information.

• Keep this leaflet. You may need to read it again.
• If you have any further questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
• This medicine has been prescribed for you. Do not pass it on to others. It may harm them, even if their symptoms are the same as yours.
• If any of the side effects worry you, or if you notice any side effects not listed in this leaflet, tell your doctor or pharmacist.

Read Section 4 for more information.

• Sections 1 to 6 are for parents and carers (sometimes called ‘your guardians’).
• The last section is a special section for a child or young person to read.

However, all sections are written as though the child or young person taking the medicine is reading them.

The sections are:

1. What Xaggitin XL is and what it is used for
2. What you need to know before you take Xaggitin XL
3. How to take Xaggitin XL
4. Possible side effects
5. How to store Xaggitin XL
6. Contents of the pack and further information

Information for children and young people

Now read the rest of this leaflet before you start taking this medicine

Xaggitin XL is used to treat ‘attention deficit hyperactivity disorder’ (ADHD).

• it is used in children aged 6 years and over and in adults.
• it is used only after trying treatments which do not involve medicines, such as counselling and behavioural therapy.

Xaggitin XL is not for use as a treatment for ADHD in children under 6 years.

Xaggitin XL improves the activity of certain parts of the brain which are under-active. The medicine can help improve attention (attention span), concentration and reduce impulsive behaviour.

The medicine is given as part of a treatment programme, which usually includes:

• psychological
• educational and
• social therapy.

It is prescribed only by doctors who have experience in children, adolescents or adults with behaviour problems. If you are an adult and have not been treated before, the specialist will carry out tests to confirm that you have had ADHD since childhood. Although there is no cure for ADHD, it can be managed using treatment programmes.

Children and adolescents with ADHD find it hard:

• to sit still and
• to concentrate.

It is not their fault that they cannot do these things.

Many children and adolescents struggle to do these things.

However, ADHD can cause problems with everyday life. Children and adolescents with ADHD may have difficulty learning and doing homework. They find it hard to behave well at home, at school or in other places.

Adults with ADHD often find it hard to concentrate. They often feel restless, impatient and inattentive. They may have difficulty organising their private life and work.

Not all patients with ADHD need to be treated with medicine.

ADHD does not affect intelligence.

• are allergic to methylphenidate or any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in section 6)
• have a thyroid problem
• have increased pressure in your eye (glaucoma)
• have a tumour of your adrenal gland (phaeochromocytoma)
• have an eating problem when you do not feel hungry or want to eat -such as ‘anorexia nervosa’
• have very high blood pressure or narrowing of the blood vessels, which can cause pain in the arms and legs
• have ever had heart problems - such as a heart attack, uneven heartbeat, pain and discomfort in the chest, heart failure, heart disease or were born with a heart problem
• have had a problem with the blood vessels in your brain - such as a stroke, swelling and weakening of part of a blood vessel (aneurysm), narrow or blocked blood vessels, or inflammation of the blood vessels (vasculitis)
• are currently taking or have taken within the last 14 days an antidepressant (known as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor) - see ‘Other medicines and Xaggitin XL’
• have mental health problems such as:
  • a ‘psychopathic’ or ‘borderline personality’ problem
  • abnormal thoughts or visions or an illness called ‘schizophrenia’
  • signs of a severe mood problem like:
  • feeling like killing yourself
  • severe depression, where you feel very sad, worthless and hopeless
  • mania, where you feel unusually excitable, over-active, and un-inhibited.

Do not take methylphenidate if any of the above applies to you. If you are not sure, talk to your doctor or pharmacist before you take methylphenidate. This is because methylphenidate can make these problems worse.

Talk to your doctor before taking Xaggitin XL if you:

• have liver or kidney problems
• have a problem with swallowing whole tablets
• have had fits (seizures, convulsions, epilepsy) or any abnormal brain scans (EEGs)
• have ever abused or been dependent on alcohol, prescription medicines or street drugs
• are a girl and have started your periods (see the ‘Pregnancy, breast-feeding and contraception’ section below)
• have hard-to-control, repeated twitching of any parts of the body or you repeat sounds and words
• have high blood pressure
• have a heart problem which is not in the ‘Do not take’ section above
• have a mental health problem which is not in the ‘Do not take’ section above.

Other mental health problems include:

• mood swings (from being manic to being depressed - called ‘bipolar disorder’)
• feeling aggressive or hostile
• seeing, hearing or feeling things that are not there (hallucinations)
• believing things that are not true (delusions)
• feeling unusually suspicious (paranoia)
• feeling agitated, anxious or tense
• feeling depressed or guilty.

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if any of the above apply to you before starting treatment. This is because methylphenidate can make these problems worse. Your doctor will want to monitor how the medicine affects you.

During treatment, male patients may unexpectedly experience prolonged erections. This may be painful and can occur at any time. It is important to contact your doctor straight away if your erection lasts for longer than 2 hours, particularly if this is painful.

Checks that your doctor will make before you or your child start taking Xaggitin XL.

These checks are to decide if methylphenidate is the correct medicine for you. Your doctor will talk to you about:

• any other medicines you or your child are taking
• whether there is any family history of sudden unexplained death
• any other medical problems (such as heart problems) you or your family may have
• how you are feeling, such as feeling high or low, having strange thoughts or if you have had any of these feelings in the past
• whether there is a family history of ‘tics’ (hard-to-control, repeated twitching of any parts of the body or repeating sounds and words)
• any mental health or behaviour problems you or other family members have ever had.

Your doctor will discuss whether you are at risk of having mood swings (from being manic to being depressed - called ‘bipolar disorder’). They will check your mental health history, and check if any of your family has a history of suicide, bipolar disorder or depression.

It is important that you provide as much information as you can. This will help your doctor decide if methylphenidate is the correct medicine for you. Your doctor may decide that other medical tests are needed before you start taking this medicine. For adults patients that are new to Xaggitin XL, your doctor may refer you to a heart specialist.

Tell your doctor if you are taking, have recently taken or might take any other medicines.

Do not take methylphenidate if you:

• are taking a medicine called a ‘monoamine oxidase inhibitor’ (MAOI) used for depression, or have taken an MAOI in the last 14 days.
  Taking an MAOI with methylphenidate may cause a sudden increase in your blood pressure (see “Do not take Xaggitin XL”).

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you or your child are taking any of the following medicines for depression or anxiety:

• tricyclic antidepressant
• selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
• serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI).

Taking methylphenidate with these type of medicine could cause a life threatening increase of ‘serotonin’ in the brain (serotonin syndrome), which may lead to feeling confused or restless, sweating, shivering, muscle jerks or fast heartbeat. If you or your child develop these side effects, see a doctor straight away.

If you are taking other medicines, methylphenidate may affect how well they work or may cause side effects. If you are taking any of the following medicines, check with your doctor or pharmacist before taking methylphenidate:

• medicines for severe mental health problems
• medicines for Parkinson’s disease (such as levodopa)
• medicines for epilepsy
• medicines used to reduce or increase blood pressure
• some cough and cold remedies which contain medicines that can affect blood pressure. It is important to check with your pharmacist when you buy any of these products
• medicines that thin the blood to prevent blood clots.

If you are in any doubt about whether any medicines you are taking are included in the list above, ask your doctor or pharmacist before taking methylphenidate.

Tell your doctor if you are going to have an operation. You should not take methylphenidate on the day of your surgery if a certain type of anaesthetic is used. This is because there is a chance of a sudden rise in blood pressure during the operation.

This medicine may give a positive result when testing for drug use. This includes testing used in sport.

Do not drink alcohol while taking this medicine. Alcohol may make the side effects of this medicine worse. Remember that some foods and medicines contain alcohol.

If you are pregnant or breast-feeding, think you may be pregnant or are planning to have a baby, ask your doctor for advice before taking this medicine.

Available data do not suggest an increased risk of overall birth defects, whilst a small increase in the risk of malformations of the heart when used during the first three months of pregnancy could not be ruled out. Your doctor will be able to give you more information about this risk. Tell your doctor or pharmacist before using methylphenidate if you or your daughter:

• is sexually active. Your doctor will discuss contraception.
• is pregnant or think might be pregnant. Your doctor will decide whether methylphenidate should be taken.
• breast-feeding or planning to breast-feed. Methylphenidate is passed into human breast milk. Therefore, your doctor will decide whether you should breast-feed while taking methylphenidate.

You or your child may feel dizzy, have problems focussing or have blurred vision when taking methylphenidate. If these happen it may be dangerous to do things such as drive, use machines, ride a bike or horse or climb trees.

The medicine can affect your ability to drive as it may make you sleepy or dizzy.

• It is an offence to drive if this medicine affects your ability to drive.
• However, you would not be committing an offence if:
  • The medicine has been prescribed to treat a medical or dental problem and
  • You have taken it according to the instructions given by the prescriber or in the information provided with the medicine and
  • It was not affecting your ability to drive safely.

Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure whether it is safe for you to drive while taking this medicine.

If you or your child have been told by your doctor that you have an intolerance to some sugars, contact your doctor before taking this medicine.

Always take medicine exactly as your doctor has told you. Check with your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure.

• your doctor will usually start treatment with a low dose and increase the daily dose by 18 mg no sooner than once a week if necessary.
  The aim should be the lowest dose that is effective for you or your child. Your doctor will decide the maximum daily dose for you or your child.
• Xaggitin XL is for oral use. You should take the tablet once each day in the morning with a glass of water.

The tablet should be swallowed whole and not chewed, broken, divided or crushed. The tablet may be taken with or without food.

The recommended starting dose of Xaggitin XL is 18 mg once daily for children who are not currently taking methylphenidate, or for children who are switching from another stimulant to methylphenidate.

The maximum daily dose is 54 mg.

For adults who have taken Xaggitin XL before:

• If you have already taken Xaggitin XL as a child or adolescent, the same daily dosage (mg/day) can be used; your doctor will check regularly to see if any adjustment is required.
• Adult patients may require a higher daily dosage but the doctor will aim to give you the lowest dose that is effective.

For adults who have not taken Xaggitin XL before:

• The recommended starting dose is 18 mg daily.
• The maximum daily dose in adults is 72 mg.

Tell your doctor. Your doctor may decide you need a different treatment.

• before you start - to make sure that Xaggitin XL is safe and will be of benefit.
• after you start - they will be done at least every 6 months, but possibly more often. They will also be done when the dose is changed.
• these tests will include:
  • checking your appetite
  • measuring height and weight
  • measuring blood pressure and heart rate
  • checking whether you have any problems with your mood, state of mind or any other unusual feelings. Or if these have got worse while taking Xaggitin XL.

Xaggitin XL does not need to be taken forever. If you take Xaggitin XL for more than a year, your doctor should stop treatment for a short time, this may happen during a school holiday. This will show if the medicine is still needed.

If Xaggitin XL is not used properly, this may cause abnormal behaviour. It may also mean that you start to depend on the medicine. Tell your doctor if you have ever abused or been dependent on alcohol, prescription medicines or street drugs.

This medicine is only for you. Do not give this medicine to anyone else, even if their symptoms seem similar.

If you or your child take too much medicine, talk to a doctor or call an ambulance straight away. Tell them how much has been taken.

Medical treatment might be needed.

Signs of overdose may include: being sick, feeling agitated, shaking, increased uncontrolled movements, muscle twitching, fits (may be followed by coma), feeling very happy, being confused, seeing, feeling or hearing things that are not real (hallucinations), sweating, flushing, headache, high fever, changes in heart beat (slow, fast or uneven), high blood pressure, dilated pupils, dry nose and mouth, muscle swelling, weak, tender and sore muscles, dark urine.

Do not take a double dose to make up for a forgotten dose. If you forget a dose, wait until it is time for the next dose.

If you suddenly stop taking this medicine, the ADHD symptoms may come back or unwanted effects such as depression may appear. Your doctor may want to gradually reduce the amount of medicine taken each day, before stopping it completely. Talk to your doctor before stopping Xaggitin XL.

Very common (may affect more than 1 in 10 people)

• headache
• feeling nervous
• not being able to sleep.

Common (may affect up to 1 in 10 people)

• joint pain
• blurred vision
• tension headache
• dry mouth, thirst
• trouble falling asleep
• high temperature (fever)
• decreased sex drive
• unusual hair loss or thinning
• muscle tightness, muscle cramps
• loss of appetite or decreased appetite
• inability to develop or maintain an erection
• itching, rash or raised red itchy rashes (hives)
• feeling unusually sleepy or drowsy, feeling tired
• excessive teeth grinding (bruxism)
• feeling of panic
• tingling feeling, prickling, or numbness of the skin
• increased alanine aminotransferase (liver enzyme) level in your blood
• cough, sore throat or nose and throat irritation; upper respiratory tract infection; sinus infection
• high blood pressure, fast heart beat (tachycardia)
• dizziness (vertigo), feeling weak, movements which you cannot control, being unusually active
• feeling aggressive, agitated, anxious, depressed, irritable, tense, jittery and abnormal behaviour
• upset stomach or indigestion, stomach pain, diarrhoea, feeling sick, stomach discomfort and being sick
• excessive sweating
• weight decreased

Uncommon (may affect up to 1 in 100 people)

• dry eyes
• constipation
• chest discomfort
• blood in the urine
• listlessness
• shaking or trembling
• increased need to pass urine
• muscle pain, muscle twitching
• shortness of breath or chest pain
• feeling hot
• increases in liver test results (seen in a blood test)
• anger, feeling restless or tearful, talking too much, excessive awareness of surroundings, problems sleeping.

Rare (may affect up to 1 in 1,000 people)

• problems with sex drive
• feeling disorientated or confused
• trouble seeing or double vision
• swelling of the breasts in men
• redness of the skin, red raised skin rash.

Very rare (may affect up to 1 in 10,000 people)

• muscle cramps
• small red marks on the skin
• abnormal liver function including sudden liver failure and coma
• changes in test results – including liver and blood tests
• abnormal thinking, lack of feeling or emotion, doing things over and over again, being obsessed with one thing
• fingers and toes feeling numb, tingling and changing colour (from white to blue, then red) when cold (‘Raynaud’s phenomenon’).

Not known (frequency cannot be estimated from the available data)

• migraine
• dilated pupils
• very high fever
• slow, fast or extra heart beats
• a major fit (‘grand mal convulsions’)
• believing things that are not true
• severe stomach pain, often with feeling and being sick.
• problems with the blood vessels of the brain (stroke, cerebral arteritis or cerebral occlusion)
• inability to control the excretion of urine (incontinence)
• spasm of the jaw muscles that makes it difficult to open the mouth (trismus)
• stuttering
• nosebleed

When used for more than a year, methylphenidate may cause reduced growth in some children. This affects less than 1 in 10 children.

• there may be lack of weight gain or height growth.
• your doctor will carefully watch your height and weight, as well as how well you are eating.
• if you are not growing as expected, then your treatment with methylphenidate may be stopped for a short time.

If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet. You can also report side effects directly via the Yellow Card Scheme Website: www.mhra.gov.uk/yellowcard

By reporting side effects you can help provide more information on the safety of this medicine.

The active substance is methylphenidate hydrochloride.

Xaggitin XL 18mg: Each prolonged-release tablet contains 18mg of methylphenidate hydrochloride equivalent to 15.6 mg of methylphenidate.

Xaggitin XL 27mg: Each prolonged-release tablet contains 27mg of methylphenidate hydrochloride equivalent to 23.3 mg of methylphenidate.

Xaggitin XL 36mg: Each prolonged-release tablet contains 36mg of methylphenidate hydrochloride equivalent to 31.1 mg of methylphenidate.

Xaggitin XL 54mg: Each prolonged-release tablet contains 54mg of methylphenidate hydrochloride equivalent to 46.7 mg of methylphenidate.

The other ingredients are:

Tablet core:

Lactose monohydrate, hypromellose, silica (colloidal anhydrous), magnesium stearate, fumaric acid, methacrylic acid–methyl methacrylate copolymer (1:1), methacrylic acid–methyl methacrylate copolymer (1:2), triethyl citrate, talc.

Tablet coating:

18mg Tablets: Polyvinyl alcohol (part hydrolysed), macrogol (3350), talc, titanium dioxide (E171), iron oxide yellow (E172), iron oxide red (E172).

27mg Tablets: Polyvinyl alcohol (part hydrolysed), macrogol (3350), talc, titanium dioxide (E171), iron oxide yellow (E172), Indigo carmine aluminium lake (E132), iron oxide black (E172).

36mg Tablets: Polyvinyl alcohol (part hydrolysed), macrogol (3350), talc, titanium dioxide (E171).

54mg Tablets: Polyvinyl alcohol (part hydrolysed), macrogol (3350), talc, titanium dioxide (E171), iron oxide red (E172).

Printing ink:

Shellac glaze, iron oxide black (E172), propylene glycol.

18mg Tablet: Capsule-shaped, biconvex, yellow tablet, 6.6 mm x 11.9 mm, with “2392” printed on one side in black ink.

27mg Tablet: Capsule-shaped, biconvex, grey tablet, 6.7 mm x 12.0 mm, with “2393” printed on one side in black ink.

36mg Tablet: Capsule-shaped, biconvex, white tablet, 6.7 mm x 12.0 mm, with “2394” printed on one side in black ink.

54mg Tablet: Capsule-shaped, biconvex, red-brown tablet, 6.8 mm x 12.0 mm, with “2395” printed on one side in black ink.

Xaggitin XL is available in bottles with child-resistant closure, with silica gel desiccant integrated into the closure, containing 28, 29, 30 or 90 prolonged-release tablets (18 mg tablets) or 28, 29, 30 or 100 prolonged-release tablets (27 mg, 36 mg and 54 mg tablets). Not all pack sizes may be marketed.

This medicine can help children and young people with ‘ADHD’.

• ADHD can make you:
  • run about too much
  • not be able to pay attention
  • act quickly without thinking about what will happen next (impulsive).
• It affects learning, making friends and how you think about yourself. It is not your fault.

• as well as taking this medicine you will also get help with ways to you cope with your ADHD such as talking to ADHD specialists.
• this medicine should help you. But it does not cure ADHD.
• you will need to go to your doctor several times a year for check ups. This is to make sure the medicine is working and that you are growing and developing OK.
• if you take the medicine for more than one year, your doctor may stop your medicine to see if it is still needed. This will probably happen in a school holiday.
• do not drink alcohol. Alcohol may make the side effects of this medicine worse.
• If you are having sex, please talk to your doctor about contraception. Girls must tell their doctor straight away if they think they may be pregnant. We do not know how this medicine affects unborn babies.

You cannot have this medicine if:

• you have a problem with your heart
• you feel very unhappy, depressed or have a mental illness.

You need to talk to your doctor if:

• you have epilepsy (fits)
• you are pregnant or breastfeeding
• you are taking other medicines - your doctor needs to know about all the medicines you are taking.

• Swallow your medicine with water.
• Your doctor will tell you how many times a day you should take your medicine.
• Do not stop taking the medicine without talking to your doctor first.

Side effects are the unwanted things that can happen when you take a medicine. If any of the following happen, tell an adult you trust straight away. They can then talk to your doctor. The main things that could affect you are:

• Feeling worried or nervous
• Feeling dizzy, or getting headaches
• Being very depressed and unhappy or wanting to hurt yourself
• Having different moods than usual, not being able to get to sleep
• Skin rashes, bruising easily, getting out of breath
• The medicine can also make you feel sleepy. If you feel sleepy, it is important not to do outdoor sports like riding a horse or bike, swimming or climbing trees. You could hurt yourself and others.
• Your heart beating faster than usual.

If you feel unwell in any way while you are taking your medicine please tell an adult you trust straight away.

• Make sure you keep your medicine in a safe place, so that no one else takes it, especially younger brothers or sisters.
• The medicine is special for you - do not let anyone else have it. It may help you, but it could hurt someone else.
• If you forget to take your medicine don’t take two tablets the next time. Just take one tablet at the next normal time.
• If you do take too much medicine, tell your mum, dad or carer right away.
• It is important not to take too much medicine or you will get ill.
• Don’t stop taking your medicine until your doctor says it’s OK.

Your mum, dad, carer, doctor, nurse or pharmacist.